Cascading Style Sheets (via Mowser)

What is CSS?

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a simple mechanism for adding style (e.g., fonts, colors, spacing) to Web documents.

These pages contain information on how to learn and use CSS and on available software. They also contain news from the CSS working group.

HighÂlights

The â€œCSS Snapshotâ€ (latest: 2010) lists the parts that are ready for implementers Press release for â€œCSS LevelÂ 2 Rev.Â 1,â€ â€œCSS Colorâ€ and â€œA MathML For CSS Profileâ€

News

14 Feb 2012 â€œLast callâ€ draft of CSS Backgrounds and Borders Module LevelÂ 3 (to correct some errors in the CR) 30 Jan 2012 Meet Daniel Glazman, Vincent Hardy, David Baron and other members of the CSS working group at the W3C CSS Meetup at La Cantine in Paris, February 8, 2012. Entrance is free, but registration is required. (Languages: French and English.) 19 Jan 2012 Updated draft of CSS Text LevelÂ 3 18 Jan 2012 The Mozilla Developer Network offers information about CSS, including a CSS tutorial and a CSS reference. 17 Jan 2012 â€œLast callâ€ draft of CSS Basic User Interface Module LevelÂ 3

For more news, see our syndicator â€œThe Future of Style.â€

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StanÂdards & drafts

Some of the specifications and drafts by the CSS Working Group:

ComÂpleted work StaÂtus UpÂcomÂing Notes â„¹âƒ

CSS Snapshot 2010 NOTE â€“ Latest stable CSS â„¹âƒ

CSS Snapshot 2007 NOTE â€“ â„¹âƒ

CSS Color LevelÂ 3 REC REC See Errata â„¹âƒ

CSS Namespaces REC REC â„¹âƒ

Selectors LevelÂ 3 REC REC â„¹âƒ

CSS LevelÂ 2 RevisionÂ 1 REC REC See Errata â„¹âƒ

CSS LevelÂ 1 REC â€“ Unmaintained, see Snapshot â„¹âƒ

Stable drafts StaÂtus UpÂcomÂing Notes â„¹âƒ

Media Queries CR PR â„¹âƒ

CSS Style Attributes CR PR â„¹âƒ

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Working group news

The working group regularly publishes reports on its blog; here are the most recent:

Invitation to a W3C CSS Meetup in Paris Minutes and Resolutions Telecon 2011-01-18 CSS3 Images: Last Call Working Draft Minutes and Resolutions Telecon 2012-01-11 Minutes and Resolutions 2011-01-04 CSS3 Images Pre-Last Call WD Published Minutes and Resolutions Telecon 2011-12-14 Updated CSS Layout Modules: Flexbox, Template, Regions, GCPM Minutes and Resolutions Telecon 2011-12-07 Minutes and Resolutions Telecon 2011-11-30

[Photo: group photo in Lyon, France]

A part of the CSS WG in November 2010. (Photo: Bert Bos / Anthony Grasso)

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JoinÂing the disÂcusÂsion

The <www-style@w3.org> mailing list is the place for discussing the further development of CSS. (The CSS working group also uses that list for most discussions.) Everybody can subscribe (or unsubscribe, or see instructions.)

If you work for a W3C member organization, you can also join the working group.

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SoftÂware

Nearly all browsers nowadays support CSS and many other applications do, too. To write CSS, you don't need more than a text editor, but there are many tools available that make it even easier.

Of course, all software has bugs, even after several updates. And some programs are further ahead implementing the latest CSS modules than others. Various sites describe bugs and work-arounds.

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LearnÂing CSS

For beginners, Starting with HTML + CSS teaches how to create a style sheet. For a quick introduction to CSS, try chapter 2 of Lie & Bos or Dave Raggett's intro to CSS. Or see examples of styling XML and CSS tips & tricks.

Another page also has some books, mailing lists and similar fora, and links to other directories.

The history of CSS is described in chapterÂ 20 of the book Cascading Style Sheets, designing for the Web, by HÃ¥kon Wium Lie and Bert Bos (2nd ed., 1999, Addison Wesley, ISBN 0-201-59625-3)

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ReÂlated

The CSS validator: Checks the syntax (and more) of style sheets.
Core Style Sheets: A set of simple style sheets designed when browsers' compatibility was a bigger problem than today, but still useful.
CSS Techniques for Web Content Accessibility GuidelinesÂ 1.0: A note about the role of CSS in making pages accessible.
SAC: The Simple API for CSS: An interface between CSS parsers and CSS processors.
XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language): XSL and CSS share many features, but XSL is focused on complex layout tasks, especially for print.
A MathML for CSS profile: Describes a subset of MathML that can be reasonably formatted with just CSS levelÂ 2